“Kuyangixaka ukugaywa kabusha ngoba ngikhathazekile ngesizukulwane esizayo nokuthi yonke le mfucumfucu esiyenzayo iphelelaphi. Kumele ime. Ngiwasha iziqukathi zami zepulasitiki futhi ngiphinde ngisebenzise izimvilophu, konke engingakwenza.” (Cherie Lungi)

Abaningi bethu bakholelwa ekusetshenzisweni kabusha futhi bakwenze nsuku zonke njengomlingisi u-Cherie Lunghi. Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinsiza zemvelo zibuyiselwa emvelweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusimama kwazo. Ipulasitiki bekufanele ibe umkhiqizo omangalisayo wekhulu lama-20, kodwa imfucuza enobuthi edalwe yiyo ibiyingozi. Ngakho-ke, sekuyimpoqo ukuthi sigaye  kabusha yonke imfucuza yepulasitiki.

Ikhredithi Yesithombe:  BareekSudan

Iyini i-Plastic Recycling?

Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki  kuyinqubo yokubuyisela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zepulasitiki ukuze zicutshungulwe kabusha zibe eminye imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, ngokungafani nendlela yazo yoqobo. Into eyenziwe ngepulasitiki igaywa kabusha ibe umkhiqizo ohlukile, ngokuvamile ongakwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi.

Izigaba zokugaywa kabusha kwePlastiki

Ngaphambi kokuba noma yimuphi udoti wepulasitiki ugaywe kabusha, udinga ukudlula ezigabeni ezinhlanu ezihlukene ukuze usetshenziselwe ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo.

1. Ukuhlunga: Kudingeka ukuthi yonke into yepulasitiki ihlukaniswe ngokokwakheka nohlobo lwayo ukuze icutshungulwe ngokufanele emshinini wokuhlikihla.
2. Ukugeza:  Uma ukuhlungwa sekuqediwe, imfucumfucu yepulasitiki idinga ukugezwa kahle ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okufana namalebula nezinamatheliso. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo oqediwe.
3. I-Shredding:  Ngemva kokugeza, imfucumfucu yepulasitiki ilayishwa kumabhande okuthutha ahlukene ahambisa imfucuza ngokusebenzisa ama-shredders ahlukene. Lezi zishicileli ziklebhula ipulasitiki ibe ama-pellets amancane, iwalungiselele ukuthi agaywe kabusha abe kweminye imikhiqizo.
4. Ukuhlonzwa Nokuhlukaniswa Kwepulasitiki:  Ngemva kokusikwa, ukuhlolwa okufanele kwama-pellets epulasitiki kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yawo kanye nesigaba.
5. Ukukhipha:  Lokhu kuhilela ukuncibilika kwepulastiki edatshuliwe ukuze ikwazi ukukhishwa ibe ngamapellets, abese esesetshenziselwa ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki.

Izinqubo Zokugaywa kabusha kwePlastiki

Phakathi kwezinqubo eziningi zokuvuselela imfucuza yepulasitiki, lezi ezimbili ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu embonini.

• Ukucindezela Ukushisa:  Lolu hlobo  lokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki luzuza isidingo esikhethekile  e-United States, e-Australia, nase-Japan ngenxa yekhono lalo lokuvuselela zonke izinhlobo zepulasitiki ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuthatha imfucumfucu yepulasitiki engahlungiwe futhi ehlanziwe bese ixutshwa nezigaxa ezinkulu ezixuba yonke ingxube. Inzuzo enkulu yale nqubo ukuthi ayidingi izinhlobo ezifanayo zepulasitiki ukuze zigaywe kabusha ndawonye.

• I-Monomer:  Ngenqubo enemininingwane nenembile yokugaywa kabusha kwe-monomer, izinselelo ezinkulu zokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki zinganqotshwa. Le nqubo empeleni ihlehlisa ukusabela kwe-polymerization ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha uhlobo olufanayo lwe-polymer efingqiwe. Le nqubo ayihlanzi kuphela kodwa futhi ihlanza imfucuza yepulasitiki ukuze kwakhiwe i-polymer entsha.

Izinzuzo Zokugaywa kabusha kwePlastiki

Ngemuva kokwazi izinqubo nezigaba zokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki, kubalulekile ukwazi izinzuzo zayo ezihlukahlukene. Ezimbalwa zazo yilezi:

• Kukhona Ithani LePlastiki:  Esinye sezizathu ezinkulu zokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki ubuningi bayo obukhulu. Kubonakale ukuthi u-90% wemfucuza eqoqwe yinhlangano kamasipala iwudoti wepulasitiki. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ipulasitiki isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimpahla nezinto ezisetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Lokhu ngeke kusize nje ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki kodwa kuzophinde kunakekele imvelo.

• Ukongiwa Kwamandla Nezisetshenziswa Zemvelo:  Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kusiza ukonga amandla amaningi kanye nezinsiza zemvelo njengoba lezi kuyizithako ezisemqoka ezidingekayo ekwenzeni ipulasitiki emsulwa. Ukonga i-petroleum, amanzi, nezinye izinsiza zemvelo kusiza ukulondoloza ibhalansi ngokwemvelo.

• Isula Isikhala Sokulahla Imfucumfucu:  Imfucumfucu yepulasitiki inqwabelana endaweni okufanele isetshenziselwe ezinye izinjongo. Okuwukuphela kwendlela le mfucumfucu yepulasitiki engasuswa ngayo kulezi zindawo iwukugaywa kabusha. Futhi, ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene kuye kwafakazela ukuthi lapho enye imfucumfucu ilahlwa emhlabathini ofanayo nodoti wepulasitiki, ibola ngokushesha futhi ikhiphe intuthu enobuthi eyingozi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Le ntuthu iyingozi kakhulu endaweni ezungezile njengoba ingabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zamaphaphu nesikhumba.

Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki  akukhuthazi nje kuphela ukusetshenziswa kahle kukadoti wepulasitiki kodwa futhi kusiza ukulondoloza indawo ezungezile, kuyenze ihlanzeke futhi ibe luhlaza.

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